Explain the window event management mechanism.
The windows have the different sets of events and their corresponding triggers for execution. The window properties can be accessed through the system.window_ * properties. Some of the common events include activated, deactivated, closed and resized.

How can you store huge files through the Oracle database?
There are the Large OBjects datatype that can suppor the storage of the different types of data like character, image, binary file etc. These are referred to as CLOB (Character LOB), NCLOB (fixed size national character set), BLOB (Binary LOB) and BFILE (Binary FILE - that are stored in the raw format over the OS.

What are roles in Oracle DB?
The roles refer to the privilege/access level that is granted to the different users of the database. The roles and users are grouped into various groups and privileges are assigned to them accordingly. This enhances and simplifies the security implementation for the Oracle Database.

What is the difference between Post commit and Post-form commit?
The post commit is triggered after all the transactions and database commits have been done and changes have been finalized for the update, insert or delete command that is coming in. The Post-form commit on the other hand is just triggered before the finalization of changes, so it comes at a stage before the post-commit.

How can you generate the data pertaining to parameters set oriented values?
One trivial way is to use the static values inside the queries or you can just have appropriate Select statement.

What are the various built-in functions that are used to process row data?

●     Get_group_row_count() - Used for performing operations over the selected number of rows.
●     Get_group_selection_count() - Used to return the selected values in the specific group of rows under consideration.
●     Get_group_selection() is used to identify the presently active selection in the group of rows.

●     Reset_group_selection(), unset_group_selection() and set_group_selection() are also used to change and use the specific selection of rows.

What are pre-select, pre-query and post-query?
The pre-select is the trigger that is fired after the finalization of the ultimate select statement. This is triggered before execution of the specific command. The pre-query is the one that is executed before the pre-select and execution of any such query. The post-query is the one which is fired for every row that is being dealt with by the specific query.

What are physical and logical pages?
The physical page is referring to the real world paper that is being used to output the report. The logical page is the one that is being viewed in the previewer.

What is RDBMS? What is normalization?
RDMS refers to the Relational Database Management System. It is the concept of storing the different data in single database by correlating them with the other data with relations. The related data are stored in a table format. The relationship between the various data is also stored in table format. The normalization refers to the grouping of the different data elements in the database into tables so that there is no redundant data and ensuring the CODD rules conformation.

What are timers and triggers?
Timer is an internal counter that is maintained in Oracle that can be used to countdown the time intervals and event intervals, after which certain actions can be triggered. The trigger on the other hand is one that is being executed for specific change that is taking place in the database. The trigger is the procedure that executed at this signals.

Differentiate procedure and a function.
The procedure does not explicitly return a value, only through the parameters can it be made to return one. The function returns a value explicitly even if its null.

The procedure can be called only within the begin and end blocks of execution. Function on the other hand can be called from any sql statement or query.

What are cursors and what is the use of the WHERE CURRENT OF clause?

Cursors are temporary table image which can fetch the data row by row to be processed. The WHERE CURRENT OF clause refers to the latest row fetched by the specific cursor.

What are the concepts that can make you restore or maintain the consistency in the database? Can you commit during inside a trigger?
The commit, backup, rollback and savepoint are the concepts that offer a clear demarcation of when the database is being altered. Using these the database can be permanently stored or copied at certain points so that we can have the original copy of the correct database even after some mishap. It is not possible to commit inside a triggered procedure, because the commits are always done after a DML command and triggers are executing before the completion of the DML command.

How is block coordination achieved in Oracle?
The block coordination is achieved by following the two phases, clear phase and population phase. The clear phase is the one in which all the records pertaining to the details of the master are cleared up. Then the trigger for population phase rereads the master records and re-populates the entire details record set.

How can you tune the performance of the database?
There are many ways of logging that is offered by the Oracle database system. There are also trace files that will provide the dump for all the unknown errors that have been figured out on the outside operations. There are performance characteristics that can be turned for analysis of the time consumption characteristics. Analyzing such aspects will help us optimize the various queries into the database and also to structure the database more efficientlyf or better performance. The analysis of execution plan and the output of the optimizer will also help us in performance tuning.

What is tablespace quota?
The overall space limitation that is imposed upon the entire schema implementation over which limit the database cannot be allowed to use by the system is referred to as tablespace quota.

What are tablespaces and schema objects?
The tablespace represents the structure and configuration of each table that is going to be represented as separate file which is going to store data pertaining to specific table. The schema objects are structures containing the information about the overall database and its structure with all the tables present, views, triggers, procedures inside it and everything that is going to be a part of the data manipulation within the database.

What is the data dictionary?
The data dictionary is the reference of the entire oracle db, with names of all the tables that are present, all the users that are being created for access. It also contains the information regarding the primary keys and other constraints placed on each of the table. The user privileges for each of the tables is also indicated. This is a read only information set.

What is self-referential integrity constraint?
The reference for a foreign key looping back to the primary key of the same table is referred to as a self-referential integrity constraint.

What is the redo log?
The redo log is the one that stores all the necessary information for populating the database with data from failed updates. This can be useful when there are some database or system errors which prevents update to the db.

What does the DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS refer to?
The DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS in the INIT.ORA is the one which sets the size of the database buffer size. The database buffer is the one that stores the various values that are being read from the various data segments like the tables, views etc.

What is the shared pool?
Shared pool refers to the pool of memory that is being used for storage of the results of recently executed SQL commands. The shared pool in turn contains the variable size structures that shrink/grow according the user program requirements and the fixed size structures that can store the library cache and data dictionary cache etc. The SHARED_POOL_SIZE setting is used for manipulating the sizes of the shared pool.

What is a view?
View is a customized set of fields that are formed as a table virtually for the purpose of the queries that are to be executed. The input is generated using a SELECT query over the different tables from the database.

What is a sequence used for?
Sequence of used for generation of unique set of numbers for the different columns of the table.

What is a control file?
It is a binary file that is accessed before opening of the specific database. All the parameters of the database regarding its integrity, availability and the corresponding logs attached with the database are stored inside the control file. The validity check over the database is done through this file before opening it.